California Exodus Accelerates For Fifth Year As Residents Flee To Carolinas, Florida, And Texas In Record Numbers – Financial Freedom Countdown
In 2024, demand for U-Haul equipment surged in California, Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey as residents fled the West Coast and Northeast.
According to the U-Haul Growth Index, which tracks net losses of one-way trucks in various states, California ranked last for the fifth consecutive year.
What is driving this massive exodus from states like California, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and Illinois?
States With Largest Influx of People
The top 15 states attracting the most movement are
1. SOUTH CAROLINA
2. TEXAS
3. NORTH CAROLINA
4. FLORIDA
5. TENNESSEE
6. ARIZONA
7. WASHINGTON
8. INDIANA
9. UTAH
10. IDAHO
11. OKLAHOMA
12. ARKANSAS
13. MAINE
14. OHIO
15. GEORGIA
Long-Term Migration Patterns Hold Steady
U-Haul rental trucks had the highest demand for outbound moves from California Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania in 2024.
In 2024, the top growth states according to U-Haul’s Annual Growth Index were the Carolinas, Texas, and Florida – emerging as particularly sought-after one-way truck rental destinations.
In fact, since 2016, when U-Haul started tracking statewide migration data, Texas and Florida have consistently topped the preferred states chart, while California and Illinois have been at the bottom of the list.
The top states for growth according to this metric (including their ranking in 2023) are as follows:
1. SOUTH CAROLINA (4)
2. TEXAS (1)
3. NORTH CAROLINA (3)
4. FLORIDA (2)
5. TENNESSEE (5)
Although U-Haul migration patterns may not align directly with population or economic expansion, the U-Haul Growth Index serves as a reliable indicator of states and cities’ ability to attract and retain residents.
South Carolina Tops The Favorite List
South Carolina climbed three spots in the rankings to unseat Texas, which was the No. 1 growth state for the previous three years (2021-23).
Of all the U-Haul movers coming and going from the Palmetto State in 2024, more than 51.7% were arrivals.
Texas One of the Favorites Again
Texas has ranked first or second among U-Haul Growth States each year since 2016.
The 2022 Census Bureau report corroborates the population increase by state, with Texas emerging as the largest-gaining state across the nation, totaling 30,029,572 inhabitants.
Texas catapulted itself into the ranks of California as one of two states boasting an astounding 30 million residents or above.
Florida Maintains the Rankings
Florida continues to draw new residents. Although the Sunshine State dropped from 2nd to 4th position, it has maintained its position as a top-four growth state for ten consecutive years, with Florida leading the U-Haul Growth Index in 2019.
California Ranks at The Bottom of U-Haul Growth States
In 2024, California experienced the lowest influx of people compared to those departing via one-way U-Haul rental trucks. This marks the fifth consecutive year that the Golden State has ranked last in the growth assessment.
Joining California in the bottom five are Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and .Illinois.
Is the Migration Due to Political Ideologies?
The top five states seeing a mass exodus (including their ranking in 2023) are all Democrat-controlled.
45. ILLINOIS (48)
46. PENNSYLVANIA (38)
47. NEW YORK (43)
48. NEW JERSEY (47)
49. MASSACHUSETTS (49)
50. CALIFORNIA (50)
Over the nine years between 2010 and 2019, the U.S. Census Bureau reports that California, New York, New Jersey, Michigan, and Illinois have seen a collective population decline of 4 million.
Moreover, a recent U-Haul study found that the five states with the highest influx of new residents are Republican strongholds, such as Texas and Florida. These migration trends could suggest the political management of states driving the exodus.
Impact of Changing Economic Conditions
A wave of corporate giants is ditching California for Texas, and Chevron is the latest to join the exodus in 2024.
Following in the footsteps of Tesla, Charles Schwab, and Oracle, the oil titan is trading the Golden State for the Lone Star State.
The Hoover Institution published a working paper documenting several economic factors that have led to these departures such as rising business costs, reduced productivity, and profitability, tax policies, regulatory policies, labor costs, litigation costs, energy and utility costs, and concerns about a declining quality of life within the state.
Why Are Certain States Shedding Residents?
From the high cost of living to remote job opportunities and even weather, there are numerous reasons why people left California, Massachusetts and Illinois in 2024. Regardless of their motivation for migration, one thing is sure: a significant movement away from these states occurred this year.
As remote working options become increasingly available, a surge in population growth and migration to lower-cost-of-living areas will occur. Furthermore, these cities and states now afford more significant job opportunities than ever.
Also, the baby boomer generation moving into retirement would migrate towards states with warmer weather and lower living costs and taxes. For those worried about income taxes, Texas and Florida are ideal locations to live since they do not charge state income tax.
Companies transfer across state borders due to taxes, labor costs, and a lack of available employees. Unfortunately, when businesses vacate a region, their work opportunities disappear.
Consequently, this could result in an influx of citizens to the new state and stifle economic growth for the states abandoned by the businesses.
Importance of Tracking Migration Trends
The movement of human capital across state lines would impact the state’s potential economic output by changing the size of the labor force. From burgeoning industries to those in decline, highly skilled personnel occupy vital roles essential for any economic development.
Migration trends also directly impact the state’s tax base and net fiscal contribution. It also affects property values for the local population and demand for real estate investing. Population growth is one of the many factors to consider when picking the best states for real estate investors.
For the first time in its 171-year history, California has seen a decrease in congressional representation due to changes based on new population estimates for each state reported by the U.S. Census Bureau. The number of seats allotted in Congress for this populous state dropped from 53 House districts to 52.
One fewer representative in the House also means one fewer vote from California in the Electoral College that decides the presidency and proportionately less of the federal money allocated based on population each year.
The power shifts to Texas, which add two seats, and Florida, which gets one seat based on population growth.
As these migration trends continue to increase, California and Illinois, ranked at the bottom of the list yearly, will have to consider the long-term ramifications of their citizens’ departures.
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John Dealbreuin came from a third world country to the US with only $1,000 not knowing anyone; guided by an immigrant dream. In 12 years, he achieved his retirement number.
He started Financial Freedom Countdown to help everyone think differently about their financial challenges and live their best lives. John resides in the San Francisco Bay Area enjoying nature trails and weight training.
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